tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-43703372069668595382024-02-19T07:07:28.012-08:00Software Programming skills, dot net interview questions cracker, Real world scenarios on dot .netSoftware Programming skills, dot net interview questions answers, dot net interview cracker, Real world scenarios and live examples on dot .net, how to face interview, fresher job vacancies development, live examples for asp .net. dot net jobs in India, dot net jobs in USA, dot net jobs in UKAnonymoushttp://www.blogger.com/profile/00588439691751694606noreply@blogger.comBlogger41125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-38039483090771056402013-01-23T03:44:00.003-08:002013-04-26T17:15:57.959-07:00Multithreaded program<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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Multithreaded program programming, what is multithreaded
programming, real world example or live code for multithreaded program in C #
sharp, multithreading in c java tutorial ....</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkFQBUp7ec7r9b9jGRr_sa2LKxeRbkur0ulEfqQVLqi54hC9PVSsQc1D7nQGPKTCpurcsKHYmYYhM4iLoJiB1ze1uJBCunokwsUm-lbHbiNFZKWojQVW4dS0N0c5gq_2nogcI_rIT2MhWm/s1600/Multithreaded+Program.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Multithreaded Program" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhkFQBUp7ec7r9b9jGRr_sa2LKxeRbkur0ulEfqQVLqi54hC9PVSsQc1D7nQGPKTCpurcsKHYmYYhM4iLoJiB1ze1uJBCunokwsUm-lbHbiNFZKWojQVW4dS0N0c5gq_2nogcI_rIT2MhWm/s1600/Multithreaded+Program.png" title="Multithreaded Program" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Multithreaded Program </td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyWySPaeo005ba8536bBrFE1R4s5WuPMi_3JeiE6eR5P5ic5jkbtz_YUj6-q6Vcovy_tkYdQllMxr3qRN5D7mdhc4lEwaCdrAL40wlEd6adGYjB3IymIgxCL5fr0ak0ifIp71MLH4ftFdr/s1600/real+world+example+or+live+code+for+multithreaded+program+in+C+%23+sharp.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="real world example or live code for multithreaded program in C # sharp" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiyWySPaeo005ba8536bBrFE1R4s5WuPMi_3JeiE6eR5P5ic5jkbtz_YUj6-q6Vcovy_tkYdQllMxr3qRN5D7mdhc4lEwaCdrAL40wlEd6adGYjB3IymIgxCL5fr0ak0ifIp71MLH4ftFdr/s1600/real+world+example+or+live+code+for+multithreaded+program+in+C+%23+sharp.png" title="real world example or live code for multithreaded program in C # sharp" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">real world example or live code for multithreaded program in C # sharp</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-45337439091675770582013-01-17T04:02:00.001-08:002013-05-02T17:27:12.403-07:00Web Service Standards<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">what is soa architecture, web services
standards, application of web services, java web services, service oriented
architecture, security and real world and live example of web services ....</span></h3>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjriqa1aYgS0_9M8G8TlD2xiAYkqKWwzNz0fKwGB7R7rbudB5R_Ag-5v7AeXzw8AJmW1yUeVT3G2vggDtQhW7wKi2bqARnglFZ6kjEh2aN3O8Cm1rRrqUkBt_iu74wi4aDR-KO-1BbP4voo/s1600/web+services+standards.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="web services standards" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjriqa1aYgS0_9M8G8TlD2xiAYkqKWwzNz0fKwGB7R7rbudB5R_Ag-5v7AeXzw8AJmW1yUeVT3G2vggDtQhW7wKi2bqARnglFZ6kjEh2aN3O8Cm1rRrqUkBt_iu74wi4aDR-KO-1BbP4voo/s1600/web+services+standards.jpg" title="web services standards" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">web services standards</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWdZ8iM6hFJ70td-gl5MvUywyohwJe2Gyq-ZPnLAZTCq_9EmsQ8b8JdF1fXB6sEd1tONpCbNc3uoln1JLFez-ceZwVMQkFlYCAs5noUEW-EvFW5B86UAbhXP65efhkvtpp9ry7Ut62J1Oz/s1600/example+of+web+services.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="example of web services" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjWdZ8iM6hFJ70td-gl5MvUywyohwJe2Gyq-ZPnLAZTCq_9EmsQ8b8JdF1fXB6sEd1tONpCbNc3uoln1JLFez-ceZwVMQkFlYCAs5noUEW-EvFW5B86UAbhXP65efhkvtpp9ry7Ut62J1Oz/s1600/example+of+web+services.jpg" title="example of web services" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">example of web services</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;">...</span></h3>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-81783551860644746802013-01-09T01:07:00.001-08:002013-05-04T16:50:24.659-07:00Web Services<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Use of web services, when web services should use or not
use, real world example or live code of web services, Web Service messages
and client, Web Services are individual units of software programmin<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">g ....</span> </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVxQekVmeJqHAoMCg8VpxxVESbmUSpwmOoqE4O1vgT-oTFqeiqSOVPBNGQgL4dt4BzBYJs-R0B_T3y6U9HTXUshbgkHN7W-PjmzrkC2LqGF93NydoJovhynoiQs8vxtxnhmVHe5_kAX5C1/s1600/web+services.jpg" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="web services" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhVxQekVmeJqHAoMCg8VpxxVESbmUSpwmOoqE4O1vgT-oTFqeiqSOVPBNGQgL4dt4BzBYJs-R0B_T3y6U9HTXUshbgkHN7W-PjmzrkC2LqGF93NydoJovhynoiQs8vxtxnhmVHe5_kAX5C1/s1600/web+services.jpg" title="web services" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">web services</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-48547539327747286362013-01-04T01:14:00.004-08:002013-05-06T17:19:45.960-07:00De-normalization <div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span>Explained
the De-normalization and its complete definition, real world scenarios or live
code example on demoralization, what is demoralization in sql database</span></div>
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<h3>
Explained the De-normalization and its complete definition! ...</h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">De-normalization function</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> is a technique to move from higher
to lower normal forms of database modeling in order to speed up database
access. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">De-normalization
method</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> is an
approach to speed up (optimizing) read performance (data retrieval) in which
the administrator selectively adds back specific instances of redundant data <i>after
</i>the data structure has been normalized. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">De-normalization
functionality</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> is
the process of introducing redundancy into a table by incorporating data from a
related table. Tables are usually de-normalized to prevent expensive SQL join operations
between them. One should always normalize to Third Normal Form (3NF) and only
apply de-normalization selectively as a last resort if performance problems are
experienced.</span><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind :</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> De-normalizations are not free and introduces the following
problem into the design: </span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">More disk space is used as the same data is duplicated
in more than one table</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">DML operations are more expensive as the same data must
be maintained in more than one table</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Risk of<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">
</span>"out of sync" data increases </span></li>
</ul>
<br />
<br /></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-70083408751032630012013-01-04T01:08:00.002-08:002013-04-25T17:16:39.078-07:00Use Of Indexes in SQL Server<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Use of indexes in database SQL Server, real world example or live sql code
for indexes sql server, how index can create, update and deleted with rename</span> </div>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Use of indexes in database SQL Server</h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">One of the
physical storage structures provided by most SQL-based DBMS is an index, which is
a structure that provides rapid access to the rows of a table based on the
values of one or more columns. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Indexes
speed up the querying process by providing swift access to rows in the data
tables, similarly to the way a book’s index helps you find information quickly
within that book.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Indexes are
created on columns in tables or views.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Data types which are not supported
to indexes</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">We can
create indexes on most columns in a table or a view. The exceptions are
primarily those columns configured with large object (LOB) data types, such as <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">image</b>, <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">text</b>, and <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">varchar (max)</b>.
</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Explained the Index Structures</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Some DBMS
products support two or more different types of indexes, which are optimized
for different types of database access:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">What is B-tree index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> – It uses a tree structure of index
entries and index blocks (groups of index entries) to organize the data values
that it contains into ascending or descending order. This structure is
hierarchical in nature, with the root node at the top of the hierarchy and the
leaf nodes at the bottom. This type of index, which is the default type in
nearly all DBMS products, provides efficient searching for a single value or
for a range of values, such as the search required for an inequality comparison
operator or a range test (</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">BETWEEN</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">)
operation.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Hash index explained</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> – It uses a randomizing technique
to place all of the possible data values into a moderate number of buckets
within the index. Since a given data value is always placed into the same
bucket, the DBMS can search for that value simply by locating the appropriate
bucket and searching within it. But the assignment of values to buckets does
not preserve the order of data values, so a hash index cannot be used for
inequality or range searches.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Definition of T-tree index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> – It is a variation of the B-tree
index that is optimized for in-memory databases.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Bitmap index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> Theory– It is useful when there are
a relatively small number of possible data values.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">How on can create Index-organized
table</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> – It is
relatively a new option that stores the entire table in the index. This is
useful for tables that have few columns other than the primary key, such as
code lookup tables that typically have only a code (such as a department code)
and a description (such as a department name).</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Explained all types of Index </span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">i. First one is Implicit Index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: They are created when a column is
explicitly defined with </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">PRIMARY
KEY, UNIQUE KEY</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">
constraint. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">ii. Second one is Explicit Index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: They are created using the "</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">CREATE INDEX …</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">" syntax.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">iii. Third one is Clustered Index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: A clustered index stores the
actual data rows at the leaf level of the index. It is like a telephone
directory, where you find the entry you are looking for. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">An
important characteristic of the clustered index is that the indexed values are
sorted in either ascending or descending order. As a result, there can be only <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">one clustered
index</i></b> on a table or view because the set of rows can be maintained in
only one order at a time. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">In
addition, data in a table is sorted only if a clustered index has been defined
on a table.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Clustered
Index is also called <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Physical Index</b>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">:<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"> </b><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">A table that has a clustered
index is referred to as a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">clustered</b>
table. A table that has no clustered index is referred to as a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">heap</b></i><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">.</b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Explained the Non-Clustered index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: The leaf nodes of a non-clustered index
contain only the values from the indexed columns and row locators that point to
the actual data rows. This means that the query engine must take an additional
step in order to locate the actual data. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A
non-clustered index is like the index in the back of a book. You can quickly
search the index for the topic you want, and then you get a reference to a page
that you must look up to find the rest of the information.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A row
locator’s structure depends on whether it points to a clustered table or to a
heap. If referencing a clustered table, the row locator points to the clustered
index, using the value from the clustered index to navigate to the correct data
row. If referencing a heap, the row locator points to the actual data row.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Non-Clustered
indexes cannot be sorted like clustered indexes; however, you can create more
than one non-clustered index per table or view. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Non-Clustered
Index is also called <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Logical Index</b>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">SQL Server 2005 supports up to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">249</b>
non-clustered indexes, and SQL Server 2008 support up to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">999</b></i>.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">In addition to an index being clustered or non-clustered, it
can be configured in other ways:</span><br />
<br style="mso-special-character: line-break;" /></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">What is Composite
index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: An
index that contains more than one column. In both SQL Server 2005 and
2008, you can include up to <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">16
columns in an index</b>, as long as the index doesn’t exceed the <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">900-byte limit</b>. Both clustered and
non-clustered indexes can be composite indexes. </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Unique Index
definitions</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">:
Indexes on primary keys are a special type called a unique index, in which
each value can appear only once. This is how the database system ensures
that primary key values are never duplicated in the tables. If the index
is composite, the uniqueness is enforced across the columns as a whole,
not on the individual columns. A unique index is automatically created
when you define a primary key or unique constraint:</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> What is Primary Key</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: When you define a primary key
constraint on one or more columns, SQL Server automatically creates a unique,
clustered index if a clustered index does not already exist on the table or
view. However, you can override the default behavior and define a unique,
non-clustered index on the primary key.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">The index
on the primary key can be clustered or non-clustered. In SQL Server, it <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">defaults</b> to being a <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">clustered index</b>. The SQL Server syntax
for manually creating a clustered index on the primary key fields is shown
below:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">CREATE
CLUSTERED INDEX index_f_name ON table_t_name (column_c_name1, column_c_name2,
…);</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"> </span><span style="font-size: 7.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;">
Explain the </span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Unique Key</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: When you define a unique
constraint, SQL Server automatically creates a unique, non-clustered index. You
can specify that a unique clustered index be created if a clustered index does
not already exist on the table.</span><span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">CREATE UNIQUE CLUSTERED
INDEX index_name</span></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>ON table_name (column_name1, column_name2, …);</pre>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.25in; text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Whate is Covering index</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">: This is a type of index that includes all the columns that
are needed to process a particular query. For example, your query might
retrieve the FirstName and LastName columns from a table, based on a value in
the ContactID column. You can create a covering index that includes all three
columns.</span></div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Simple Syntax for CREATE INDEX:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>CREATE INDEX index_n_name</pre>
<pre>ON table_t_name;</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Following is the example for Single-Column
Indexes:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>CREATE</pre>
<pre>INDEX index_n_name</pre>
<pre>ON table_t_name (column_c_name1);</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Example on Composite Indexes:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>CREATE INDEX index_i_name;</pre>
<pre>ON table_t_name (column12, column21…);</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Nice Example on Unique Indexes:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>CREATE</pre>
<pre>UNIQUE INDEX index_i_name </pre>
<pre> </pre>
<pre>ON table_t_name (column_c_name1, column_c_name2...);</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">What is DROP INDEX Command:</span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">An index can be dropped using SQL <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">DROP</b> command. Care should be taken when
dropping an index because performance may be slowed or improved. Some indexes
are not so easy to drop, namely any index supporting a unique or primary key
constraint.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>DROP INDEX index_n_name;</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Explain the View Existing Indexes:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>EXEC sp_helpindex table_t_name;</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">How to Rename an Index:</span></h4>
<div style="text-align: justify;">
<pre>EXEC sp_t_rename 'table_t_name.index_New_name', 'index_New_name';</pre>
</div>
<h4 style="text-align: justify;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">How and
when indexes can be used / avoided?</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></h4>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Although indexes are intended
to enhance a database's performance, there are times when they should be
avoided. The following guidelines indicate when the use of an index should be
reconsidered</span>: </div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Indexes should not be used on small tables or tables that
have frequent, large batch update or insert operations.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Indexes should not be used on columns that contain a high number
of NULL values. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Columns that are frequently manipulated should not be
indexed. </span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">If you have a lot of indexes, then every time you add,
delete, or amend a row in a table (DML operations like </span></span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">), all the indexes must be updated
which takes time. So while indexes can speed up retrieval, they may slow some
maintenance operations. Indexes also take up room on your storage device. </span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Indexes should be used only on columns which are used to
search the table frequently.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Try to insert or modify as many rows as possible in a single
statement, rather than using multiple queries.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Create non-clustered indexes on columns used frequently in
your statement’s predicates and join conditions.</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 0.5in; text-align: justify; text-indent: -0.25in;">
<span style="font-family: Symbol; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><span dir="LTR"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Consider indexing columns used in exact-match queries .</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-22058653531722273522013-01-02T00:49:00.000-08:002013-04-24T17:33:55.821-07:00Normalization<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"> What
is, definition of Normalization,<span style="font-family: Arial;"> Benefits of normalization, real world scenario or live project work on
normalization, </span><span style="font-family: Arial;">purpose of normalization</span><span style="font-family: Arial;"> is to <i>minimize redundancy and
dependency .</i></span></span></span></h3>
Define Normalization? <br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Normalization</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> is the process of designing
database tables in a way that makes for efficient use of disk space and that
allows the efficient manipulation and updation of data.</span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The
main purpose of normalization</span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> is to <b><i>minimize redundancy and dependency</i></b>, which involves
dividing <span id="IL_AD8"><span class="ilad">large tables</span></span> into
smaller tables and defining relationships between them. </span><br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Normalization isolates data,
so that additions, deletions, and modifications of a field can be made in just
one table and then propagated through the rest of the database via the defined
relationships.</span><br />
<br />
Multiple benefits of <b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Normalization:</span></b></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Elimination of data redundancy and dependency in
database</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Improved performance</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Query optimization </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Efficient manipulation and updation of data (faster
updates due to less number of columns in one table) </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Index improvements </span></li>
</ul>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-81728917263083319782013-01-02T00:40:00.002-08:002013-01-18T03:27:38.389-08:00Normal Forms<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Explanation on Various Normal Forms, description on first,
second, third, fifth and fourth normal forms, domain key normal form, real
world example or live project scenarios on normal forms.</span></span></h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Various Normal Forms with Explained Description</h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">(1NF) First
Normal Form: Eliminate Repeating Groups-</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A relation R is said to be in First
Normal Form (1NF) if and only if all the attributes of the relation R are <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">atomic</i> in nature. <span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A table (relation) is in 1NF if </span></span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">There are no duplicate rows
in the table</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Each cell is single-valued
(i.e., there are no repeating groups or arrays)</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">Entries in a column
(attribute, field) are of the same kind </span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> Make a
separate table for each set of related attributes, and give <span id="IL_AD1"><span class="ilad">each table</span></span> a primary key. Each field contains at most
one value from its attribute domain.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">(2NF) Second Normal Form: Redundant Data Eliminated-</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> A
relation R is said to be in Second Normal Form (2NF) if and only if</span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It is in the First Normal
Form (1NF), and </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">No <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">partial dependency</i> exists between non-key attributes and key
attributes</span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> If an
attribute depends on only a part of the multi-valued key, remove it to a
separate table.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">(3NF) Third Normal Form: Eliminated Columns are Not <span id="IL_AD9"><span class="ilad">Dependant</span></span> On Key-</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> A relation R is said to be
in Third Normal Form (3NF) if and only if</span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">It is in Second Normal Form
(2NF) </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">No <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">transitive dependency</i> exists between non-key attributes and
key attributes </span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> If
attributes do not contribute to a description of the key, remove them to a
separate table. All attributes must be directly dependent on the primary key.</span><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">(BCNF) Boyce-Codd Normal Form-</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A table is in BCNF if it is in 3NF and if every determinant is a <i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">candidate key</i>. A 3NF relation is almost
always in BCNF. However, the following conditions define some situations when a
3NF relation may not be in BCNF:</span></div>
<ul style="text-align: justify;" type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">The candidate keys are
composite </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">There are more than one
candidate keys in the relation </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">There are some common
attributes in the relation </span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">:</span></span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> If there are non-trivial dependencies between
candidate key attributes, separate them out into distinct tables.</span><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> </span></b><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">(4NF) Fourth Normal Form:
Isolate Independent Multiple Relationships-<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A table is in 4NF if it is in BCNF and if it has no
multi-valued dependencies.<b> </b></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Note:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">No table may contain two or more 1:n
or n:m relationships that are not directly related. </span><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">(5NF) Fifth Normal Form:
Isolate Semantically Related Multiple Relationships-<span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A table is in 5NF, also called "Projection-Join
Normal Form" (PJNF), if it is in 4NF and if every join dependency in the
table is a consequence of the candidate keys of the table.<b> </b></span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Keep in Mind:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">There may be practical constrains on
information that justify separating logically related many-to-many
relationships.<span style="mso-bidi-font-style: italic;"> </span></span><br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-style: italic;">(DKNF) Domain-Key Normal Form:</span></b><i><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;"> </span></i><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">A table is
in DKNF if every constraint on the table is a logical consequence of the
definition of keys and domains. It is a model which is free from all
modification anomalies.<b> </b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-85211007075608999242012-12-30T23:09:00.000-08:002012-12-30T23:09:09.968-08:00What is RDBMS<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;">Definition
of, what is Relational database management system RDMS, definition of primary
key and foreign key, real world example for RDMS, primary keys and foreign key,
<b><span style="font-family: Arial;">Structure of Tables in RDMS</span></b></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">What is Data Model or its definition:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> The data structures and access techniques provided
by a particular DBMS are called its <i>data model. </i>A data model determines
both the “personality” of a DBMS and the applications for which it is
particularly well-suited.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Explained Definition of RDBMS:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> A relational database (RDBMS) is a database where all data
visible to the user is organized strictly as tables of data values, and where
all database operations work on these tables. It is based on the relational
model proposed by Codd as an attempt to simplify the database structure.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A relational DBMS can represent
parent/child relationships, but they are visible only through the data values
contained in the database tables. SQL is based on the relational data model
that organizes the data in a database as a collection of tables.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Structure of Tables in RDMS:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> The organizing principle in a relational database is the <i>table,
</i>a rectangular row/column arrangement of data values. Each table in a
database has a unique <i>table name </i>that identifies its contents.</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Each
table has a table name that uniquely identifies it.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Each
table has one or more named columns, which are arranged in a specific,
left-to-right order.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Each
table has zero or more rows, each containing a single data value in each
column. The rows are unordered.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in; text-autospace: none;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">All
data values in a given column have the same data type and are drawn from a
set of legal values called the domain of the column. </span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12.0pt; mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Tables are related to one
another by the data they contain. The relational data model uses primary keys
and foreign keys to represent these relationships among tables.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Definition of Primary Keys:</span></b><b><span style="font-family: Arial;">
</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A primary key is a
column or combination of columns in a table whose value(s) uniquely identify
each row of the table. A table has only one primary key.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Definition of Foreign Keys: </span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A foreign key is a column or
combination of columns in a table whose value(s) are a primary key value for
some other table. A table can contain more than one foreign key, linking it to
one or more other tables.</span><br />
<br />
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Just as a combination of
columns can serve as the primary key of a table, a foreign key can also be a
combination of columns. In fact, the foreign key will <i>always </i>be a
compound (multicolumn) key when it references a table with a compound primary
key. Foreign keys are a fundamental part of the relational model because they
create relationships among tables in the database.</span><br />
<br />
<b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Point to Keep Remember in
Mind:</span></b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;"> A primary
key/foreign key combination creates a parent/child relationship between the tables
that contain them. </span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-21194504913499419672012-12-30T22:43:00.000-08:002013-04-29T17:29:48.279-07:00Relational Databases with 12 Rules of Codd<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLWvrMZaRPMClPyby_u29j9gymoDh6BtmThx4XR0yaBUdu-YFGDI6jIuRyH1yeYNRaU07jY-qBE1PYslLsKBt10xM-hJCI0gMZdhyphenhyphenIt5TeG_Az2sj6t_oaLyCumu45xuC2FODa044oFtJS/s1600/Codd%E2%80%99s+12+Rules+for+Relational+Databases.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Codd’s 12 Rules for Relational Databases" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgLWvrMZaRPMClPyby_u29j9gymoDh6BtmThx4XR0yaBUdu-YFGDI6jIuRyH1yeYNRaU07jY-qBE1PYslLsKBt10xM-hJCI0gMZdhyphenhyphenIt5TeG_Az2sj6t_oaLyCumu45xuC2FODa044oFtJS/s1600/Codd%E2%80%99s+12+Rules+for+Relational+Databases.png" title="Codd’s 12 Rules for Relational Databases" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Codd’s 12 Rules for Relational Databases</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="font-size: xx-small;"><span style="font-weight: normal;">Relational Databases with 12 Rules of Codd,
codd twelve rules for relational databases, real world scenarios for the codd
12 rules ...</span></span></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
...</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-6264797921677619912012-12-26T23:25:00.002-08:002012-12-26T23:25:14.764-08:00SQL Preface<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
SQL is an inclusive language for interacting and controlling
the DBMS or database management system which contains all about forty statements,
specialized in database management works. It is a descriptive or declarative language
instead of procedural one (Fourth generation language).</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Structured English Query Language is its original name
provided by IBM, shortened to the acronym SEQUEL. When IBM was discovered that
SEQUEL has a trademark owned by the Hawker Suddenly Aircraft Company of the United Kingdom,
they shortened the acronym to SQL. The word “English” was then dropped from the
spelled-out name to match the new ellipsis.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
SQL is used to manage all of the methods that a DBMS
provides for its developers, including:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b>Data definition
SQL</b> lets a user describe the configuration and business of the stored data
and relationships among the stored data items.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Data retrieval
SQL</b> allows a user or a function program to recover stored records from the
database and use it. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b>Data
manipulation SQL</b> allows a user or an application software project to update
the database by adding new records, removing old records, and modifying
previously stored records. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b>Access control
SQL</b> can be used to restrict a user’s capability to recover, add, and modify
record, protecting stored record against unauthorized access. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><b>Data sharing
SQL</b> is used to coordinate record sharing by concurrent clients, ensuring
that changes made by one client do not inadvertently wipe out changes made at
nearly the same time by another client. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Data integrity
SQL</b> describes integrity constraints in the database, protecting it from
corruption due to inconsistent updates or structure failures. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>SQL plays following roles also</b>:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL equal to an
interactive query language:</b> clients type SQL commands into an interactive
SQL program to retrieve record and display it on the screen, providing a
convenient, easy-to-use tool for ad hoc database queries.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL equal to
database programming language</b>: Programmers embed SQL commands into their
application programs to entrance the record in a database. Both client-written
programs and database utility programs (such as report writers and records
entry tools) use this technique for database right of entry. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL like a
database administration language</b>: The database administrator answerable for
managing a mainframe or minicomputer database uses SQL to define the database
structure and to manage access to the stored record. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL like a
client/server language</b>: PC <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>programs
use SQL to communicate over a network with database servers that store shared record.
This client/server architecture is used by many trendy enterprise-class
applications. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL like an Internet
data access language</b>: Internet web servers that interact with business record
and Internet application servers all use SQL as a standard language for
accessing corporate databases, often by embedding SQL database access within
popular scripting languages like PHP or Perl. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL like a
distributed database language</b>: Distributed database management systems use
SQL to help distribute data across many connected computer systems. The DBMS
software on each system uses SQL to communicate with the other systems, sending
requests for data access. </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>SQL like a
database gateway language</b>: In a computer network with a mix of different
DBMS products, SQL is often used in a gateway that allows one brand of DBMS to
communicate with another brand.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Introduction with SQL, Use of SQL, sql roles in current development,
software engineering and another task, DBMS means data base management system,<span> </span>Data integrity SQL, different -2 features
of sql</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-81126837745133497462012-12-13T00:47:00.001-08:002013-02-11T08:28:06.758-08:00Anonymous Functions<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy5vn9d9znU6i-fetPrQYkcGsU8v3c5-rU7NDFGk_3e7YQq69A9_XXhgSvvhelIMZD4XV9NfvV60rDdTGHX5SlcZN92FLf6R1Rx-ucWYfIjsheDKRO3z4NDjRFyDQ_GYHn3hR_mHXZosm8/s1600/Anonymous+Methods.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Anonymous Methods" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgy5vn9d9znU6i-fetPrQYkcGsU8v3c5-rU7NDFGk_3e7YQq69A9_XXhgSvvhelIMZD4XV9NfvV60rDdTGHX5SlcZN92FLf6R1Rx-ucWYfIjsheDKRO3z4NDjRFyDQ_GYHn3hR_mHXZosm8/s1600/Anonymous+Methods.png" title="Anonymous Methods" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Anonymous Methods</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /><table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXv2RF1ug_a7PfRbwdQuQiTEGPQCqu6ZqL79QWy9nC_3PUg4aiurv4Ez8naO1C4nTO9dIKJlGdrD70P1WYllAIEukSRs6YzcsLQtgzcGI0DnXwuQtNMDxgPCwolb_OeTpxpKRpjBq9gL6E/s1600/Pass+Arguments+and+Return+a+Value+from+an+Anonymous+Method.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Pass Arguments and Return a Value from an Anonymous Method" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhXv2RF1ug_a7PfRbwdQuQiTEGPQCqu6ZqL79QWy9nC_3PUg4aiurv4Ez8naO1C4nTO9dIKJlGdrD70P1WYllAIEukSRs6YzcsLQtgzcGI0DnXwuQtNMDxgPCwolb_OeTpxpKRpjBq9gL6E/s1600/Pass+Arguments+and+Return+a+Value+from+an+Anonymous+Method.png" title="Pass Arguments and Return a Value from an Anonymous Method" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Pass Arguments and Return a Value from an Anonymous Method</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span>
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Definition and use of Anonymous Functions methods in c # sharp dot .Net, real world scenarios and live code example for Anonymous Functions methods</span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-33965672574635239852012-12-13T00:17:00.002-08:002013-02-11T08:34:26.642-08:00 Shallow Copy and Deep Copy<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="color: red;"><b>Difference between Shallow Copy and Deep Copy</b></span></div>
<br />
<b>Shallow Copy</b><br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhudYg-pYLepS_jwWHHHjELbeybCEY7LdmA-UB9Rn6vz2AyI_HyL-Fj_VD2N5ozqypEWGa1pl-MvhJPO00g2T1u0d1ED3vaCepkBpqtev_-ZmEerc6cps-q0Vm-0EneKzPei5TIJtrauCy1/s1600/Shallow+Copy.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Shallow Copy" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhudYg-pYLepS_jwWHHHjELbeybCEY7LdmA-UB9Rn6vz2AyI_HyL-Fj_VD2N5ozqypEWGa1pl-MvhJPO00g2T1u0d1ED3vaCepkBpqtev_-ZmEerc6cps-q0Vm-0EneKzPei5TIJtrauCy1/s1600/Shallow+Copy.png" title="Shallow Copy" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Shallow Copy</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Console.Writeline("oCloneMeTarget - {0}", oCloneMeTarget.oShallowCopy.iValue); // Output: oCloneMeTarget – 6<br />
<br />
<br />
<b>Deep Copy</b><br />
<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl7ksbRhKLtHxT22odAJS5z8BrYPI7ECAOB2pEBn1oT94iU1_HdqY0E0OG2nZMoecMnlKgVoeULzJIumnI77sT_EIE7dunrzxYmxgMjQhsHe41bqLvwThtzS8FwlnLMmk20O2OmNWyRuiO/s1600/Deep+Copy.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Deep Copy" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjl7ksbRhKLtHxT22odAJS5z8BrYPI7ECAOB2pEBn1oT94iU1_HdqY0E0OG2nZMoecMnlKgVoeULzJIumnI77sT_EIE7dunrzxYmxgMjQhsHe41bqLvwThtzS8FwlnLMmk20O2OmNWyRuiO/s1600/Deep+Copy.png" title="Deep Copy" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Deep Copy</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
Console.Writeline("oCloneMeTarget - {0}", oCloneMeTarget.oDeepCopy.iValue); // Output: oCloneMeTarget – 10<br />
<br />
<b>This time, the contained objects are independent.</b><br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><br /></span><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Difference between Shallow Copy and Deep Copy, real world scenarios and live code example of shallow copy and deep copy, use of shallow copy and deep copy</span></span></div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-11195495138301680642012-12-10T23:56:00.003-08:002013-02-11T08:39:06.612-08:00Use Of Multicast Delegates<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
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<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156">
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if !mso]><img src="//img2.blogblog.com/img/video_object.png" style="background-color: #b2b2b2; " class="BLOGGER-object-element tr_noresize tr_placeholder" id="ieooui" data-original-id="ieooui" />
<style>
st1\:*{behavior:url(#ieooui) }
</style>
<![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:#0400;
mso-fareast-language:#0400;
mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
</style>
<![endif]--><b>Multicast Delegates (Multicasting)</b><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbaZOtK8-xuoVwxwhkF972G6QlqF_FV_UB1ITrvW-ea5mwou1IzwtIqKfBoX4OXOcVwkMaVszNYpbtuq2BO7shgBdVA7OqdyzS7x2tlhSpTDy7KDuuSDlq4nYsp9KA9MHHFonUojgGk88I/s1600/Multicast+Deletages.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Multicast Deletages" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjbaZOtK8-xuoVwxwhkF972G6QlqF_FV_UB1ITrvW-ea5mwou1IzwtIqKfBoX4OXOcVwkMaVszNYpbtuq2BO7shgBdVA7OqdyzS7x2tlhSpTDy7KDuuSDlq4nYsp9KA9MHHFonUojgGk88I/s1600/Multicast+Deletages.png" title="Multicast Deletages" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Multicast Deletages</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<b> </b> string temp = "";<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
int i, j;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
for(j=0, i= sTestString.Length-1; i
>= 0; i--, j++)</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
temp += sTestString[i];</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
sTestString = temp;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine("Reversed
string.");</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
static void Main()</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Construct delegates</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ModifyString oModifyString;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ModifyString
oModifyStringReplaceSpaces = ReplaceSpaces;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Method Group Conversion</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ModifyString
oModifyStringRemoveSpaces = RemoveSpaces; </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Method Group Conversion</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ModifyString
oModifyStringReverseString = Reverse; </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Method Group Conversion</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
string sString = "This is a test for
Multicast Delegates";</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Set up multicast</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oModifyString =
oModifyStringReplaceSpaces;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oModifyString +=
oModifyStringReverseString;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Call multicast</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oModifyString(ref sString);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine("Resulting
string: " + sString);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine();</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Remove replace and add remove</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oModifyString -=
oModifyStringReplaceSpaces;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oModifyString +=
oModifyStringRemoveSpaces;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
sString = "This is a
test."; // reset string</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Call multicast</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oModifyString(ref sString);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine("Resulting
string: " + sString);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine();</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" LatentStyleCount="156">
</w:LatentStyles>
</xml><![endif]--><!--[if gte mso 10]>
<style>
/* Style Definitions */
table.MsoNormalTable
{mso-style-name:"Table Normal";
mso-tstyle-rowband-size:0;
mso-tstyle-colband-size:0;
mso-style-noshow:yes;
mso-style-parent:"";
mso-padding-alt:0in 5.4pt 0in 5.4pt;
mso-para-margin:0in;
mso-para-margin-bottom:.0001pt;
mso-pagination:widow-orphan;
font-size:10.0pt;
font-family:"Times New Roman";
mso-ansi-language:#0400;
mso-fareast-language:#0400;
mso-bidi-language:#0400;}
</style>
<![endif]-->
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Why are delegates used?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
All delegates are classes that are implicitly derived from System.Delegate.
In general, delegates are useful for two main reasons:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="color: #666666;"><span style="font-family: Arial,Tahoma,Helvetica,FreeSans,sans-serif;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">1. </span></span></span>Delegates support events.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
2. Delegates give your program a way to <b>execute
methods at runtime</b> without having to know precisely what those methods are at
compile time. This ability is quite useful when you want to create a framework
that allows components to be plugged in</div>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Definition, what is <b>Multicast Deletages (Multicasting),
real world scenarios and live code example of Multicast Deletages
(Multicasting), use of Multicast Deletages (Multicasting)</b></span></span></div>
<span style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">
</span></span><br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-46985842355193671742012-12-10T02:14:00.002-08:002013-02-10T01:11:43.783-08:00Delegates<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYZ6rYjp4-8ZvHGE8UO9i1FcynRQr8CeGBguXu2AZ6VjyNcqqKHSJY2wKQeKXwJO7p8P2DiC9pF4NyFIMFq4XArw9OP1V4hG3Eg8NOHqlLrk8f4i3tQQ9auNR22He1J1iKmQ2XJu2aAyMm/s1600/Delegates.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Delegates" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgYZ6rYjp4-8ZvHGE8UO9i1FcynRQr8CeGBguXu2AZ6VjyNcqqKHSJY2wKQeKXwJO7p8P2DiC9pF4NyFIMFq4XArw9OP1V4hG3Eg8NOHqlLrk8f4i3tQQ9auNR22He1J1iKmQ2XJu2aAyMm/s1600/Delegates.png" title="Delegates" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Delegates</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--> public double ComputeInstance( int iValueX,
int iValueY ) // instance method<br />
<!--[if gte mso 9]><xml>
<w:WordDocument>
<w:View>Normal</w:View>
<w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom>
<w:PunctuationKerning/>
<w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/>
<w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>
<w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent>
<w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>
<w:Compatibility>
<w:BreakWrappedTables/>
<w:SnapToGridInCell/>
<w:WrapTextWithPunct/>
<w:UseAsianBreakRules/>
<w:DontGrowAutofit/>
</w:Compatibility>
<w:BrowserLevel>MicrosoftInternetExplorer4</w:BrowserLevel>
</w:WordDocument>
</xml><![endif]--><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
double dResult = (iValueX + iValueY)
* dFactor;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine( "Instance
Results: {0}", dResult );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
return dResult;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
public static double ComputeStatic( int
iValueX, int iValueY ) // static method</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
double dResult = (iValueX + iValueY)
* 0.5;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine( "Static
Result: {0}", dResult );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
return dResult;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
private double dFactor;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
public class MyComputer</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
static void Main()</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Computer oComputer1 = new
Computer( 0.69 );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Computer oComputer2 = new
Computer( 0.76 );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ComputeOutput delegate1 = new
ComputeOutput (oComputer1.ComputeInstance );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ComputeOutput delegate2 = new
ComputeOutput (oComputer2.ComputeInstance );<br />
// points to a static method - use method group conversion</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ComputeOutput delegate3 =
Computer.ComputeStatic; </div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
double dTotal = delegate1( 7, 8
) + delegate2( 9, 2 ) + delegate3( 4, 3 );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine( "Output:
{0}", dTotal );</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Method Group Conversion allows you to simply assign the
name of a method to a delegate, without usingnew or explicitly invoking
the delegate’s constructor.<br />
<br />
Computer.StaticCompute is actually called a method group because
the method could be overloaded and this name could refer to a group of methods.
In this case, the method group Computer.StaticCompute has one method in it.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
C# allows you to directly assign a delegate from a method
group. When you create the delegate instances via new, you pass the method
group in the constructor</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">What is delegate, use of delegate in c# sharp dot .Net, real
world scenarios and live code example of delegate, C# allows you to directly
assign a delegate from a method group</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-79085415492317213402012-12-10T01:59:00.002-08:002013-02-10T01:07:17.317-08:00Contravariance Vs Covariance<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCNZYtOvRIdIbt04t5BUYYeO7FKvHfLiowZr1ydAq0AurwcskgWxUOs3yeF-CpgsjgRcrgugaiptIZWEvWEAguYSWeHzQK3lUTXpkJ34536QQczwdOvBIP2MiIwzh1ZLLWBm5nJd_eww9J/s1600/Covariance+Vs+Contravariance.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Covariance Vs Contravariance " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhCNZYtOvRIdIbt04t5BUYYeO7FKvHfLiowZr1ydAq0AurwcskgWxUOs3yeF-CpgsjgRcrgugaiptIZWEvWEAguYSWeHzQK3lUTXpkJ34536QQczwdOvBIP2MiIwzh1ZLLWBm5nJd_eww9J/s1600/Covariance+Vs+Contravariance.png" title="Covariance Vs Contravariance " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Covariance Vs Contravariance
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<div class="MsoNormal">
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
static void Main()</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ArgumentY oArgumentY = new ArgumentY();</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // In this case, the parameter to
IncrA is ReturnX and the parameter to ChangeIt <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>is<br />
// ArgumentY.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Because of contravariance, the
following line is OK.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ChangeIt oChangeIt = IncrA;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
ReturnX oReturnX = oChangeIt(oArgumentY);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine("oReturnX:
" + oReturnX.iValue);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // In the next case, the
return type of IncrB is ArgumentY and the return type of<br />
// ChangeIt is ReturnX.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b> // Because of covariance, the
following line is OK.</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oChangeIt = IncrB;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oArgumentY = (ArgumentY)
oChangeIt(oArgumentY);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Console.WriteLine("oArgumentY:
" + oArgumentY.iValue);</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
The output from the program is shown here:</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oReturnX: 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
oArgumentY: 1</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Difference between <b>Contravariance Vs Covariance, real world scenarios and live
code example on Contravariance and Covariance,
use of Contravariance and Covariance in
c # sharp dot .Net</b></span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-26244106143768525452012-12-08T20:49:00.001-08:002012-12-08T20:53:26.967-08:00What is an Interface<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<h3>
Definition of an Interface? </h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">An interface provides a <span id="IL_AD7"><span class="ilad">specification</span></span> rather than an
implementation for its members. The members of interface will be implemented by
the classes and structs that implement the interface. An interface can contain
only methods, properties, events, and indexers (an <span id="IL_AD6"><span class="ilad">abstract</span></span> class also precisely contains the same
members). An interface is special in the following ways:</span></div>
<ul type="disc">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Interface members are <i>all implicitly abstract</i>.
In contrast, a class can provide both abstract members and concrete members
with implementations.</span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">A class (or struct) can implement <i>multiple </i>interfaces.
In contrast, a class can inherit from only a <span class="ilad"><i><span id="IL_AD4">single</span></i></span><i> </i>class, and a struct cannot
inherit at all. </span></li>
</ul>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">Interface members are always <b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><i style="mso-bidi-font-style: normal;">implicitly
public</i></b> and cannot <span id="IL_AD3"><span class="ilad">declare</span></span>
an access modifier. Implementing an interface means providing a public
implementation for all its members:</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="mso-layout-grid-align: none; text-autospace: none;">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10.0pt;">If a class
that implements an interface does not define all the methods of the interface,
then it must be <span id="IL_AD10"><span class="ilad">declared</span></span>
abstract and the method definitions must be provided by the subclass that
extends <span id="IL_AD2"><span class="ilad">the abstract</span></span> class. In
addition to this an interfaces can inherit other interfaces.</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">interface
ISum</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">{<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">int</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> iGetSum(<span style="color: blue;">int</span> i, <span style="color: blue;">int</span> j); <span style="color: green;">//By Default Public</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">}<br />
<br />
class Sum : ISum<br />
{</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">public</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="color: blue;">int</span> iGetSum(<span style="color: blue;">int</span> i, <span style="color: blue;">int</span> j) <span style="color: green;">//Must be declare Public</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> {</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: blue;">return</span> i + j;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> }</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">}</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br />
<span style="background-color: black;"><br /></span>
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: black;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Definition of an Interface, real world scenarios and live
code example for interface, use of interface in c # sharp dot .Net, <span style="font-family: Arial;">Interface members are always <b><i>implicitly
public</i></b> and cannot <span id="IL_AD3"><span class="ilad">declare</span></span>
an access modifier</span></span></span></div>
</div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-45052673599530109252012-12-08T20:47:00.001-08:002013-02-10T01:03:39.623-08:00Lambda Expressions in C sharp<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
Definition and Use of Lambda Expressions in C# .Net</h3>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
</h3>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja05a_dC4tbe71vHx9xEX_FQ3WnBvoNmkDTMKWdHF2xrhMZ1nR0dqRPVBc2tS9gYMSdi5tUY2ZiDzTwX8kutw1q-PYPAOdFk8XQhiSvpUxdxzhBTOxNWh5ht8EykMMLPlIQotJzvEeZh4K/s1600/Lambda+Expressions.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Lambda Expressions " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEja05a_dC4tbe71vHx9xEX_FQ3WnBvoNmkDTMKWdHF2xrhMZ1nR0dqRPVBc2tS9gYMSdi5tUY2ZiDzTwX8kutw1q-PYPAOdFk8XQhiSvpUxdxzhBTOxNWh5ht8EykMMLPlIQotJzvEeZh4K/s1600/Lambda+Expressions.png" title="Lambda Expressions " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Lambda Expressions
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3 style="text-align: justify;">
<b>delegate int Increment(int v);</b></h3>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 12pt; text-align: justify;">
<span style="color: #38761d;">// Declare a delegate that takes an int argument</span><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;">// and returns a <span id="IL_AD10"><span class="ilad">bool</span></span> result.</span><br />
<b>delegate bool IsEven(int v);</b><br />
class SimpleLambdaDemo<br />
{<br />
static void Main()<br />
{<br />
<span style="color: #38761d;">// Create an oIncrement delegate
instance that refers to</span><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"> // a lambda expression that increases
its parameter by 2.</span><br />
<b>Increment oIncrement = count => count + 2;</b><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"> // Now, use the oIncrement lambda
expression.</span><br />
Console.WriteLine("Use <b>oIncrement</b> lambda expression:
");<br />
int iIndex = -10;<br />
while(iIndex <= 0)<br />
{<br />
Console.Write(iIndex + " ");<br />
iIndex = <b>oIncrement(iIndex)</b>; // increase x by 2<br />
}<br />
Console.WriteLine("\n");<br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"> // Create an IsEven delegate instance
that refers to</span><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"> // a lambda expression that returns
true if its parameter</span><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;"> // is even and false otherwise.</span><br />
<b> IsEven oIsEven = n => n % 2 == 0;</b><br />
<span style="color: #38761d;">// Now, use the oIsEven lambda
expression.</span><br />
Console.WriteLine("Use <b>oIsEven</b> lambda expression:
");<br />
for(int i = 1; i <= 10; i++)<br />
{<br />
if(<b>oIsEven(i)</b>) Console.WriteLine(i + " is
even.");<br />
}<br />
}<br />
}<br />
<br />
<b>The output is shown here:</b><br />
Use <b>oIncrement</b> lambda expression:<br />
-10 -8 -6 -4 -2 0<br />
Use <b>oIsEven</b> lambda expression:<br />
2 is even.<br />
4 is even.<br />
6 is even.<br />
8 is even.<br />
10 is even.</div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK6nmbMPoAaVo0SOXMw5My2GhJEYrFyuWGsjiph8lwdBB2JxDEe5XEAgeGvUwo_6magIzK_ZQauuck_TJh2ArR84DBHT3HmRWW8n1fia74SU45AoyXzG7JBgeWkRp9pJiMxzzALFm_XVRo/s1600/Statement+Lambda.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Statement Lambda" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjK6nmbMPoAaVo0SOXMw5My2GhJEYrFyuWGsjiph8lwdBB2JxDEe5XEAgeGvUwo_6magIzK_ZQauuck_TJh2ArR84DBHT3HmRWW8n1fia74SU45AoyXzG7JBgeWkRp9pJiMxzzALFm_XVRo/s1600/Statement+Lambda.png" title="Statement Lambda" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><b><span style="font-family: Arial; font-size: 10pt;">Statement Lambda</span></b></td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Definition and Use of LambdaExpressions in C# sharp dot net, real world scenarios and live code example forlambda expressions, introduction to <i><u><span style="color: blue;">l</span></u>ambda expressions in C#</i> sharp</span></span></h3>
<h3>
</h3>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-33718193084887125682012-12-07T07:15:00.003-08:002013-02-10T00:54:54.607-08:00Stack and a Heap in dot Net<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<h3>
Difference in between the between a Stack and a Heap in .Net </h3>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvlQhVeLOvKSioJN7qGeZZgKHmCGU0mm5siqTuyEQC-MCbmee7a33HgzrHQcD8oF6donuJAVJ3jZnA1aWiVTHE7hFMgOlILgTas2zqzJUAMgc3cMjq-6HuqzA7dUPizxZmzmcLdvcYqGVa/s1600/between+a+Stack+and+a+Heap+in+.Net.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Differentiate between a Stack and a Heap in .Net " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjvlQhVeLOvKSioJN7qGeZZgKHmCGU0mm5siqTuyEQC-MCbmee7a33HgzrHQcD8oF6donuJAVJ3jZnA1aWiVTHE7hFMgOlILgTas2zqzJUAMgc3cMjq-6HuqzA7dUPizxZmzmcLdvcYqGVa/s1600/between+a+Stack+and+a+Heap+in+.Net.png" title="Differentiate between a Stack and a Heap in .Net " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3>
Differentiate between a Stack and a Heap in .Net </h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfPZ7PqYWPGwoHF94WvMzVt4_zxv81fvfstQ4i698objYTXW-o_JU0Cu1gY2MJaeaTwzSdj-DVgVyJyGJ8EPiHZd9gJm0QxUD7czzduLiNW9YT9QqhZ2ojmax62ssOlfVhrB2-ilnxXOvq/s1600/Stack+and+a+Heap+in+.Net.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="a Stack and a Heap in .Net " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhfPZ7PqYWPGwoHF94WvMzVt4_zxv81fvfstQ4i698objYTXW-o_JU0Cu1gY2MJaeaTwzSdj-DVgVyJyGJ8EPiHZd9gJm0QxUD7czzduLiNW9YT9QqhZ2ojmax62ssOlfVhrB2-ilnxXOvq/s1600/Stack+and+a+Heap+in+.Net.png" title="a Stack and a Heap in .Net " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
a Stack and a Heap in .Net
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<h3 style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Difference in between the between a Stack and a Heap in dot .Net, real
world scenario and live code example for stack and a heap, use of stack and
head in asp dot .net c sharp #</span></span></h3>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-70121742743757410102012-12-07T07:11:00.001-08:002013-02-10T00:43:02.383-08:00Interface<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<h3>
Definition : What is an Interface? </h3>
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNi69GAX7g0KLw5U-phQyR4HjgYCBAKTgDg23_iutKbYaJLGxD1Q5GCntdvmLC3R0yLAqxSkfFpH0iaKAbflus19e-3XomfOKjCSWoPZRxxqEsCt2hqH356TvjPCTDlp-6HZy8QjHYRW1K/s1600/What+is+an+Interface.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="What is an Interface" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhNi69GAX7g0KLw5U-phQyR4HjgYCBAKTgDg23_iutKbYaJLGxD1Q5GCntdvmLC3R0yLAqxSkfFpH0iaKAbflus19e-3XomfOKjCSWoPZRxxqEsCt2hqH356TvjPCTDlp-6HZy8QjHYRW1K/s1600/What+is+an+Interface.png" title="What is an Interface" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
What is an Interface</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<h3>
</h3>
<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">interface
ISum</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">{<br />
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">int</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> iGetSum(<span style="color: blue;">int</span> i, <span style="color: blue;">int</span> j); <span style="color: green;">//By Default Public</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">}<br />
<br />
class Sum : ISum<br />
{</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span></span></b><span style="color: blue; font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">public</span><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="color: blue;">int</span> iGetSum(<span style="color: blue;">int</span> i, <span style="color: blue;">int</span> j) <span style="color: green;">//Must be declare Public</span></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> {</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span><span style="color: blue;">return</span> i + j;</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;"> }</span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b><span style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 10.0pt;">}</span></b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Definition , What is an Interface, real world scenario and
live code example for Interface, use of interface in programming of asp dot net
or c sharp #</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-45603717504206312302012-12-06T01:15:00.000-08:002013-02-10T00:39:35.670-08:00Overriding and Overloading<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Overriding and Overloading: What is the difference?</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Overloading and overriding are different aspects of
polymorphism</b>.<br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHENk8mfX8xg8yF9LXN-ccGStrAmbn7TP4q0ZyaeEL_pj9AImuJTmmuEVg0Zsqhxdui1BrIusKPrKTwfrmuSF3EKL92JgI8bFZsWc8mg_1Y9a3InhqzisIqVmOaWWRxRZSZUTNeFCQbxKT/s1600/Overloading+and+Overriding+What+is+the+difference.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Overloading and Overriding: What is the differenc" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHENk8mfX8xg8yF9LXN-ccGStrAmbn7TP4q0ZyaeEL_pj9AImuJTmmuEVg0Zsqhxdui1BrIusKPrKTwfrmuSF3EKL92JgI8bFZsWc8mg_1Y9a3InhqzisIqVmOaWWRxRZSZUTNeFCQbxKT/s1600/Overloading+and+Overriding+What+is+the+difference.png" title="Overloading and Overriding: What is the differenc" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Overloading and Overriding: What is the differenc</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Example:</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Base Class:</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
-------------------------------</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
public class BaseClass</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>public virtual void
Method1()</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Print("Base
Class Method");</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Derived class</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
-----------------------------</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
public class DerivedClass: BaseClass</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>public override void
Method1()</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Print("Derived
Class Method");</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Usage</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
--------------------------</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>public class Sample</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>public void
TestMethod()</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>{</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>DerivedClass objDC
= new DerivedClass();</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>objDC.Method1();</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>BaseClass objBC =
(BaseClass)objDC;</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>objDC.Method1();</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
}</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<b>Result</b></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
---------------------</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Derived Class Method</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
Derived Class Method</div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">difference in between Overriding and Overloading, real world
example and live code example on Overriding and Overloading, use of Overriding
and Overloading in c sharp #</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-82926394419695976552012-12-06T01:08:00.002-08:002013-02-11T00:21:15.461-08:00Abstract and an Interface class<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;">
</div>
<b>Difference in between an Abstract and an Interface class ...</b><br />
<br />
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNKHqGAzj26sJtCMkylo0I9MXm8amPCy9pIoYbDOqsFv-pCsYJd9zw2Yxv5DURbOk_1GRiykAHZU6Ul7ibpKQXlEhA7i2QBB_aeBzYvsjs8VuwrEMfmdhRLK3Cnk9LbHrsZLNe2sf8ojh3/s1600/Differentiate+between+an+Interface+and+an+Abstract+class.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Differentiate between an Interface and an Abstract class " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgNKHqGAzj26sJtCMkylo0I9MXm8amPCy9pIoYbDOqsFv-pCsYJd9zw2Yxv5DURbOk_1GRiykAHZU6Ul7ibpKQXlEhA7i2QBB_aeBzYvsjs8VuwrEMfmdhRLK3Cnk9LbHrsZLNe2sf8ojh3/s1600/Differentiate+between+an+Interface+and+an+Abstract+class.png" title="Differentiate between an Interface and an Abstract class " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Differentiate between an Interface and an Abstract class
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br />
<br />
<br />
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span>
<br />
<div style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;">Difference in between an Abstract and an Interface class, real world scenarios and live example on Abstract and an Interface class, use of Abstract and an Interface class, invoking the Abstract and an Interface class in functions</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-28503788005832572832012-12-05T00:33:00.001-08:002013-02-10T00:31:26.816-08:00What is Difference in between as and cast operators<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUNK0vFkbpGWyqFxqtmzvgdgRY-q0dcphBy5pOG6Lsk781logoi3sW0WEvghFkOf-oj_KJB2QP7JoDYoJPhBP7BCVTtd8kCdrsKu3ablUpQVvO4n-mTyfX-TY6W1U_Wm1DB-1sdOTtIFrg/s1600/Differentiate+between+as+and+cast+operators.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Differentiate between as and cast operators" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhUNK0vFkbpGWyqFxqtmzvgdgRY-q0dcphBy5pOG6Lsk781logoi3sW0WEvghFkOf-oj_KJB2QP7JoDYoJPhBP7BCVTtd8kCdrsKu3ablUpQVvO4n-mTyfX-TY6W1U_Wm1DB-1sdOTtIFrg/s1600/Differentiate+between+as+and+cast+operators.png" title="Differentiate between as and cast operators" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Differentiate between as and cast operators
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<br /><div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>What is definition and difference in between as and castoperators, live code or real world example scenario on as and cast operators, use
of as and cast operators with c sharp #</b></span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-44369362430315697462012-12-05T00:25:00.002-08:002013-02-10T00:26:43.356-08:00Detailed Explanation of Classes<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia2Ypc3wCgjDnDaxSCfIkG1zigDIk5w0uddJpGmN33FIUyWF5TU81u-OelEF2utKEDrexrD1HRUnbHxJnIkwNMxMzVBercgekG3VGz2UYtPeRWMbyDUGIdAfD00rQuvMOEsSgS-Z23RC8A/s1600/Explain+Classes+in+detail.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Explain Classes in detail " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEia2Ypc3wCgjDnDaxSCfIkG1zigDIk5w0uddJpGmN33FIUyWF5TU81u-OelEF2utKEDrexrD1HRUnbHxJnIkwNMxMzVBercgekG3VGz2UYtPeRWMbyDUGIdAfD00rQuvMOEsSgS-Z23RC8A/s1600/Explain+Classes+in+detail.png" title="Explain Classes in detail " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Explain Classes in detail
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
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<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS1XApX74PugGNU0L0CD6mIz4GC7_dF8p52_Z76VGc7Mphoz2NdQGrvUXgJ62GAW3__N8tBLiV1lUdN_KsETejssyTAqQ3d2aojXwa57dceYjrMUhR7YEklOQmTHmWTT0Mhy0h57tz3k-x/s1600/Detailed+Explanation+of+Classes+in.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Detailed Explanation of Classes" border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiS1XApX74PugGNU0L0CD6mIz4GC7_dF8p52_Z76VGc7Mphoz2NdQGrvUXgJ62GAW3__N8tBLiV1lUdN_KsETejssyTAqQ3d2aojXwa57dceYjrMUhR7YEklOQmTHmWTT0Mhy0h57tz3k-x/s1600/Detailed+Explanation+of+Classes+in.png" title="Detailed Explanation of Classes" /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;">Detailed Explanation of Classes</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: xx-small;"><b>Detailed Explanation of Classes, Live code or Real world
example on Abstract Classes, Static Members, Static Classes, Partial classes, Sealed
classes, Abstract Method</b></span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-20314757416348262842012-12-02T23:22:00.004-08:002013-02-10T00:21:28.920-08:00Comparison in between is and as operator in C sharp<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
<table align="center" cellpadding="0" cellspacing="0" class="tr-caption-container" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto; text-align: center;"><tbody>
<tr><td style="text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHT9HcEG-PhrIscZcjNSbprVbva0eW4mbnSOPZknmBAEXqwq9Ioo2sArHuW-zs5WAXHfCRItlIaujADATZB7soTquI81LDU4KiSGvsQcPg6TEneBFje-kGlhgc5lvYi2wUhoOfErUoTzSC/s1600/Differentiate+between+is+and+as+operator+in+C%23.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;"><img alt="Differentiate between is and as operator in C# " border="0" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiHT9HcEG-PhrIscZcjNSbprVbva0eW4mbnSOPZknmBAEXqwq9Ioo2sArHuW-zs5WAXHfCRItlIaujADATZB7soTquI81LDU4KiSGvsQcPg6TEneBFje-kGlhgc5lvYi2wUhoOfErUoTzSC/s1600/Differentiate+between+is+and+as+operator+in+C%23.png" title="Differentiate between is and as operator in C# " /></a></td></tr>
<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Differentiate between is and as operator in C#
</h3>
</td></tr>
</tbody></table>
<br /><br />
<div class="MsoNormal">
<br /></div>
<div class="MsoNormal">
<span style="background-color: white;"><br /></span></div>
<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Comparison in between is and as operator in C# sharp, live codeexample of is and as operator in C#, real world example for is and as operator in
C#, use of is and as operator in C#</span></span></div>
</div>
Unknownnoreply@blogger.comtag:blogger.com,1999:blog-4370337206966859538.post-30534483745346469462012-12-02T23:14:00.001-08:002013-02-10T00:17:35.115-08:00Structures in C Sharp<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on">
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<tr><td class="tr-caption" style="text-align: center;"><h3 class="post-title entry-title" itemprop="name">
Structures in C#
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: center;">
<span style="background-color: white;"><span style="font-size: x-small;">Definition of Structures in C#, real world example or
scenario of Structures in C#, live code for Structures in C sharp, use of Structures
in C sharp, types of Structures in asp .net</span></span></div>
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Unknownnoreply@blogger.com